What is the new mosquito virus going around?
- DC Mosquito Defense
- Jun 30
- 2 min read
The emerging mosquito-borne virus currently raising global health concerns is the Oropouche virus (OROV). This virus has been responsible for a significant outbreak across parts of Latin America and the Caribbean since late 2023, leading to thousands of infections and several fatalities.
What Is Oropouche Virus?
Oropouche virus is an arbovirus primarily transmitted to humans through the bites of infected biting midges (Culicoides paraensis) and certain mosquito species, including Culex quinquefasciatus. First identified in 1955 in Trinidad and Tobago, the virus has historically been confined to the Amazon Basin. However, recent outbreaks have been reported in countries such as Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Cuba, and Venezuela .
Symptoms and Risks
Oropouche fever typically presents with symptoms similar to other tropical diseases like dengue and Zika, including:
Fever
Headache
Muscle and joint pain
Nausea and vomiting
Skin rash
While most individuals recover within a week, some cases can lead to more severe complications such as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, or Guillain-Barré syndrome. Notably, infections during pregnancy have been associated with adverse outcomes like stillbirths and miscarriages.
Global Spread and U.S. Impact
As of early 2025, over 11,000 confirmed cases have been reported, with the virus spreading beyond its traditional endemic regions. In the United States, there have been 109 reported cases among travelers returning from affected areas, predominantly in Florida . While local transmission within the U.S. remains unlikely due to differing climates and mosquito species, health officials continue to monitor the situation closely.
Prevention and Treatment
Currently, there is no specific treatment or vaccine for Oropouche virus. Management focuses on alleviating symptoms through rest, hydration, and over-the-counter pain relievers—excluding aspirin, which may increase bleeding risks.
To reduce the risk of infection:
Use EPA-registered insect repellents.
Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants.
Ensure accommodations are equipped with window and door screens.
Eliminate standing water around living areas to reduce mosquito breeding sites.
Pregnant individuals are advised to avoid nonessential travel to regions experiencing Oropouche outbreaks due to potential risks to the fetus.
Key Takeaways
Emerging Threat: Oropouche virus is causing significant outbreaks in parts of Latin America and the Caribbean.
Transmission: Spread primarily through bites from infected midges and mosquitoes.
Symptoms: Resemble other tropical diseases; most cases are mild, but severe complications can occur.
Prevention: Focuses on avoiding insect bites and reducing exposure to vectors.
For travelers planning to visit affected regions, it's crucial to stay informed about the latest health advisories and take appropriate precautions to minimize the risk of infection.
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